Climate change and the development of urban activities to the detriment of cultivable land are strong drivers of internal migration observed in African states for many years. The increase in the power of the means of transport and communication of the inhabitants, the development and grouping of secondary and tertiary sectors, contributing to an ever-increasing concentration in the strong grouping of populations in the areas most favourable to human activity, are gradually creating human deserts in most countries, with paradoxically an ever-increasing isolation of individualities, often aggravated by the intensive arrival of digital technology in our daily activities. The current major Mediterranean and African migratory phenomena further reinforce these imbalances in the distribution of populations in the Maghreb countries, leading to new cultural clashes that significantly exacerbate the widespread unequal feelings of community populations. The significant impact of this concentration and intensification of human activities on the health of the countries’ inhabitants is today still aggravated by the reappearance of new diseases in urban areas and by the return of health problems controlled since the end of the 20th century by the States; the 21st century is also that of the development of new emerging infectious or parasitic diseases. However, the current decentralization and deconcentration advocated in public policies and their potential projection in the medium term open the way for better management of these issues in order to take into account and develop local solutions specific to each geographical region.

  • Labour / capital: State, regulations, companies, markets
  • Urban and coastal development policies
  • Inequalities and public health
  • Domestic and international migration